Episódios

  • The future of education

    The future of education
    Apr 17 2026
    Education researcher Susanna Loeb studies the broad spectrum of learning experience, including ways to recruit and retain expert teachers, how to optimize classrooms, and the impact of technology on learning. She says pandemic-inspired innovations in tutoring have led to greater student engagement and improved learning outcomes. And on the growing influence of AI in education, Loeb counts herself an optimist. She sees it as a tool for good, enhancing personalized learning and supporting teachers. These innovations that didn’t exist a few years ago stand to help students to thrive, Loeb tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast. Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu. Episode Reference Links: Stanford Profile: Susanna Loeb Connect With Us: Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Chapters: (00:00:00) Introduction Russ Altman introduces guest Susanna Loeb, a professor of education at Stanford University. (00:02:58) Path into Education Susanna’s journey from engineering to education and her focus on impact at scale. (00:04:41) The Field of Learning Science The different approaches and challenges in education and its research. (00:07:06) Tutoring After the Pandemic How COVID exposed learning gaps and accelerated interest in tutoring. (00:10:14) What Makes Tutoring Effective The different factors that go into making tutoring effective. (00:12:16) Spreading Proven Practices Using proof points and partnerships to drive adoption across districts. (00:14:00) Building Education Networks The importance of trusted relationships and communication channels. (00:14:50) AI in the Classroom How schools are beginning to adopt AI tools and respond to demand. (00:16:00) AI & Education How teachers are leading AI adoption, with limited direct student use. (00:19:37) A Framework for Using AI The focus on improving student experiences and personalized learning. (00:21:23) Studying AI in Real Time Challenges of evaluating fast-changing tools and the need for rapid testing. (00:23:22) Partnering with AI Companies Collaborating with industry to test tools like ChatGPT in schools. (00:25:26) AI & Tutoring Blending human tutors with AI support to improve outcomes. (00:27:22) The Limits of AI Tutors Why human motivation and relationships remain essential. (00:28:54) The Future of Education Systems Balancing innovation with equitable access and student engagement. (00:30:51) Future In a Minute Rapid-fire Q&A: optimism, scaling education, and collaboration. (00:32:54) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
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    34 minutos
  • The future of networking technology

    The future of networking technology
    Apr 10 2026
    Computer scientist Keith Winstein is an expert in how computers communicate. Computer networks create what he calls shared fictions – abstract realities, like a website or a Zoom call, that exist only because the computers on either end agree to act as if they are real. Unfortunately, today’s networks lack a shared notion of a “computation,” which hurts market efficiency in cloud computing and frustrates efforts to hold tech companies accountable for the results of their algorithms. As computational power becomes concentrated in a smaller number of companies, Winstein advocates for a shared language of “computational truths,” defining computations precisely so results are reproducible and auditable. His research group hopes this will lead to greater transparency and accountability in the cloud and, ultimately, to greater confidence in the computations that companies do every day on our behalf. The truth matters, Winstein tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast. Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu. Episode Reference Links: Stanford Profile: Keith Winstein Connect With Us: Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Chapters: (00:00:00) Introduction Russ Altman introduces guest Keith Winstein, a professor of computer science and electrical engineering at Stanford University (00:02:56) Why Choose Networking The appeal of the shared digital “fictions” created by connected computers. (00:04:22) The Internet’s Impact The broader societal implications of networking technologies. (00:05:35) Computational Truth The concept of tracking how data is produced and verified. (00:09:18) Misaligned Cloud Computing How “pay for effort” models create inefficiencies in cloud systems. (00:13:51) Determining Computational Truth The need for verifiable computation that produces consistent results. (00:18:19) Computations & Accountability How identifying computations could improve trust in systems. (00:20:56) Collaborating Online Why latency challenges make online performance collaboration difficult. (00:24:38) Real-Time Performance Systems Creating a custom system for musicians to perform together online. (00:28:00) Latency vs. Bandwidth Why faster internet speeds don’t necessarily reduce delay. (00:30:43) Eliminating Latency How buffering layers in software create unnecessary delay. (00:32:41) Balancing Audio Quality & Delay The different trade-offs for musicians, actors, and audiences. (00:34:20) Rethinking Computer Science Education The need to bring playfulness and interactivity back into learning. (00:35:46) The Xylophone-Based Class Teaching computation through real-time sound and music. (00:38:34) Future In a Minute Rapid-fire Q&A: optimism, truth in computing, and innovation. (00:41:01) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
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    42 minutos
  • Best of: The future of plant chemistry

    Best of: The future of plant chemistry
    Apr 3 2026
    April is Earth Month, and in appreciation of the plant life all around us, we’re re-running a conversation we had with Beth Sattely last year on the future of plant chemistry. Beth reminds us that plants are more than food or pretty things to look at — they have the potential to help us fight climate change or even cancer. We hope you’ll take another listen and join us in learning more about how plants can positively impact environmental and human health. Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu. Episode Reference Links: Stanford Profile: Elizabeth Sattely Connect With Us: Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Chapters: (00:00:00) Introduction Russ Altman introduces guest Beth Sattely, a professor of chemical engineering at Stanford University. (00:01:28) Path to Plant Metabolism How chemistry and gardening led to a career in plant science. (00:02:12) Environmental & Human Health Using plants to improve both the planet and people’s well-being. (00:03:11) Engineering Climate-Resilient Crops Making crops more sustainable and nutritious amid global change. (00:04:16) Old vs. New Crop Engineering Comparing traditional breeding with modern molecular tools. (00:06:22) Industry & Long-Term Food Security The gap between short-term market goals and long-term environmental needs. (00:07:31) Tomato Chemistry Tomatoes reveal how plants produce protective molecules under stress. (00:10:44) Plant “Vaccines” & Immune Signaling How plants communicate threats internally and mount chemical defenses. (00:12:32) Citrus Greening & Limonoids The potential role of limonoid research on citrus greening. (00:15:17) Plants Making Medicine How plants like Yew trees naturally produce cancer drugs like Taxol. (00:19:37) Diet as Preventative Medicine Identifying plant molecules to understand their preventative health effects. (00:22:54) Food Allergies & Plant Chemistry Why the immune system tolerates some foods and rejects others. (00:25:00) Understanding Tolerance in Immunity Possibility of reintroducing tolerance through partial molecular exposure. (00:26:20) Engineering Healthier Plants Potential for designing plants to enhance micronutrient content. (00:27:58) Training the Next Generation Beth celebrates her students’ role in shaping a sustainable future. (00:28:57) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
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    30 minutos
  • The future of learning

    The future of learning
    Mar 27 2026
    Candace Thille is an authority in learning science, educational technology, and AI-enabled learning environments. She is closing the two-way gap between the science of learning research and the hands-on practice of instruction to help students learn better. Timely and targeted feedback with the opportunity to apply that feedback is critical to learning, Thille says, and this is an area where AI supporting humans excels. She imagines a day in the not-too-distant future when human educators and AI-enabled assistants unite to help students learn faster and better than ever before. Learning is not a spectator sport, and AI can help us engage with learners – and educators – in new ways, Thille tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast. Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu. Episode Reference Links: Stanford Profile: Candace Thille Connect With Us: Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Chapters: (00:00:00) Introduction Russ Altman introduces guest Candace Thille, a professor of education at Stanford University. (00:03:16) Path into Learning Science How Candace became interested in improving how people learn. (00:03:47) The Science of Learning An overview of the field and why it’s still developing. (00:04:42) Training Educators How learning science is applied in teacher education. (00:05:17) The Research to Practice Gap Why insights from classrooms rarely feed back into research. (00:06:43) Technology Supporting Teachers Using AI and other technological tools to enhance teaching. (00:09:00) The Open Learning Initiative (OLI) The origins of one of the first large-scale digital learning systems. (00:11:08) Learning with OLI How feedback and structured practice improved student outcomes. (00:13:14) Building OLI Across Disciplines The collaboration between researchers, instructors, and engineers. (00:14:36) The Accelerated Learning Study Evidence that students can learn faster without sacrificing outcomes. (00:18:02) Learning Science at Amazon Applying learning science research to workplace education. (00:22:29) Research as a Feedback Loop Why teaching practice should continuously inform research. (00:24:49) The Importance of Infrastructure Using captured learning data to improve instruction at scale. (00:25:37) Predictive AI for Learning Science The applications of older AI models in learning science research. (00:28:22) Generative AI as a Learning Interface How generative AI can make education more accessible. (00:31:01) The Myth of Learning Styles The misconception that most people have different learning styles. (00:33:30) Future In a Minute Rapid-fire Q&A: new tools, data infrastructure, and supporting learners. (00:35:24) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
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    36 minutos
  • The future of fashion and dress codes

    The future of fashion and dress codes
    Mar 20 2026
    Legal expert Richard Ford studies the intersection of dress codes and the law. Clothing and hairstyles communicate power, identity, and social status, he says. Legal restrictions on dress stretch at least to the Middle Ages when “sumptuary laws” stipulated what one could wear by rank. Today, written rules have given way to unwritten codes that are in many ways more powerful culturally. Fashion is not trivial, he says, and no less worthy of study than high art or music. Clothing shapes everything, Ford tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast. Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu. Episode Reference Links: Stanford Profile: Richard Thompson Ford | Stanford Law School Connect With Us: Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Chapters: (00:00:00) Introduction Russ Altman introduces guest Rich Ford, a professor of law at Stanford University. (00:02:21) From Law to Fashion Rich Ford explains the legal roots of dress code disputes. (00:03:42) The Origins of Dress Codes Sumptuary laws and how clothing signaled social hierarchy. (00:05:06) Formal vs. Informal Dress Codes The shift from written laws to social norms and cultural expectations. (00:06:28) Teenagers & Self-Expression How people push boundaries within strict dress codes. (00:08:01) Masculine Renunciation Why men abandoned flashy fashion in the 1700s. (00:09:42) The Feminization of Fashion The gender shift in clothing and style expectations. (00:10:57) Controlling Dress Codes The effectiveness and consequences of imposed dress standards. (00:12:44) Hair, Identity, & Regulation The cultural and legal significance of hairstyles in dress codes. (00:14:40) Civil Rights & Clothing How dress became a tool for dignity and resistance. (00:18:29) Dressing for Respect How lived experience shaped Rich’s interest in fashion (00:20:40) Reverse Snobbery Why dressing casually can function as a marker of social standing (00:22:28) Gender Inequality in Fashion How clothing has historically limited women. (00:24:46) The “Midtown Uniform” How informal norms create uniformity even in the absence of rules. (00:26:03) Uniforms & Social Equality The benefits and limitations of uniforms in educational settings (00:27:44) The Future of Dress Codes Why fashion won’t disappear but is becoming more casual. (00:28:49) Future In a Minute Rapid-fire Q&A: young people, time, and studying tailoring. (00:30:10) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
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    31 minutos
  • The future of vaccines

    The future of vaccines
    Mar 13 2026
    Epidemiologist Yvonne “Bonnie” Maldonado is an expert in vaccine research and public health. Look back centuries, and the story is always the same, she says: Death rates from viruses have plummeted, especially in children and the elderly. And yet, millions of children die each year from vaccine-preventable diseases. Vaccines need a return of public confidence, and that starts with better messaging and greater support of nongovernmental messengers like herself. The bottom line is that vaccines are safe, she says. Vaccines work and we have saved many lives because of them, Maldonado reminds host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast. Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu. Episode Reference Links: Stanford Profile: Yvonne Maldonado Connect With Us: Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Chapters: (00:00:00) Introduction Russ Altman introduces guest Yvonne “Bonnie” Maldonado, a professor of pediatrics, epidemiology and population health at Stanford University. (00:03:01) Career in Vaccines Bonnie shares what led to her career in vaccine research. (00:04:53) How Vaccines Work How vaccines train the immune system to recognize and fight pathogens. (00:06:46) Why Vaccine Responses Vary The variability in immune responses and breakthrough infections. (00:09:22) Risk vs. Benefit in Vaccines How researchers evaluate side effects versus disease severity. (00:11:53) How Viruses Evolve The evolutionary dynamics that shape viral behavior. (00:13:59) Vaccine Boosters Why some vaccines last for life while others require multiple doses. (00:17:14) Herd Immunity How community protection works and why vaccination rates matter. (00:21:22) Vaccine Controversy The controversy surrounding vaccines and what led to it. (00:24:27) Global Vaccine Hesitancy How declining trust and past outbreaks influence vaccination globally. (00:27:07) The Future of Vaccines Why vaccines are essential and how outbreaks shape public response. (00:29:08) Preparing for Future Pandemics How healthcare systems prepare for new threats after COVID-19. (00:30:43) Future In a Minute Rapid-fire Q&A: hope, public trust, and the future of health. (00:32:54) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
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    34 minutos
  • Best of: The future of sleep

    Best of: The future of sleep
    Mar 6 2026
    For many of us, this coming weekend marks the start of Daylight Saving Time, when we “spring forward” and move our clocks ahead by an hour. While the extra evening daylight can be one of the joys of the summer months, the time change has been known to disrupt our sleep. Last year we sat down with neurobiologist Jamie Zeitzer, a leading expert on sleep, to talk about practical strategies for getting a better night’s rest. As we approach this transition, it’s the perfect time to revisit that conversation. We hope you’ll add this episode to your podcast queue and give it another listen this weekend. Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu. Episode Reference Links: Stanford Profile: Jamie Zeitzer Connect With Us: Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Chapters: (00:00:00) Introduction Russ Altman introduces guest Jamie Zeitzer, professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford University. (00:02:01) Understanding Circadian Rhythms How the biological clock regulates sleep and other body functions. (00:03:45) The Mystery of Sleep’s Purpose What is still unknown about the fundamental need for sleep. (00:04:49) Light & the Circadian Clock The impact light exposure has on the body’s internal sleep timing. (00:07:02) Day & Night Light Contrast The importance of creating a light-dark contrast for healthy rhythms. (00:10:06) Phones, Screens, & the Blue Light Whether blue light from screen use affects sleep quality. (00:12:37) Defining & Diagnosing Sleep Problems How stress and over-focus on sleep quality worsen insomnia. (00:14:50) Sleep Anxiety & Wearables The psychological downsides of sleep data from tracking devices. (00:16:03) CBT-I & Rethinking Insomnia Mentally reframing sleep with cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (00:19:50) Desynchronized Sleep Patterns Studying student sleep patterns to separate circadian vs. sleep effects. (00:22:37) Shift Work & Circadian Misalignment The difficulty of re-aligning circadian clocks in rotating shifts. (00:25:14) Effectiveness of Sleep Medications The various drugs used to promote sleep and their pros and cons. (00:28:34) Circadian “Sleep Cliff” & Melatonin The brain’s “wake zone” before sleep and the limited effects of melatonin. (00:31:41) Do’s & Don’ts for Better Sleep Advice for those who want to improve their sleep quality. (00:33:44) Alcohol and Caffeine Effects How metabolism influences the effects of alcohol and caffeine on sleep. (00:36:13) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
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    37 minutos
  • The future of coronary heart disease

    The future of coronary heart disease
    Feb 27 2026
    Heart disease should be treated just like cancer, says guest Mike McConnell, an author and expert in preventive cardiology at Stanford: Detect and stage early, then treat aggressively. In his practice, McConnell focuses on using low-dose CT imaging for detecting early coronary artery disease. He also helped pioneer the use of AI to infer cardiovascular risk from retinal scans. Such non-invasive, consumer-friendly tools could expand prevention, personalize therapy, and cut heart attacks and strokes across the board, he says. “Everybody also deserves a proactive preventive cardiologist in their phone,” McConnell tells host Russ Altman of the latest approaches to heart disease on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast. Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu. Episode Reference Links: Stanford Profile: Michael V. McConnell, MD, MSEE Connect With Us: Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Chapters: (00:00:00) Introduction Russ Altman introduces guest Michael McConnell, a professor of cardiology at Stanford University. (00:03:02) Reframing Heart Disease Why coronary disease should be approached the same as cancer. (00:05:46) Core Risk Factors The key drivers of cardiovascular disease, and life’s essential eight. (00:07:18) Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring How low-dose CT scanning detects disease before symptoms develop. (00:08:57) The Limits of Stress Testing Why traditional stress tests often miss early coronary disease. (00:10:18) AI in Cardiac Imaging Using AI to identify hidden risks in routine chest scans. (00:11:30) Retinal Imaging How AI analysis of retinal blood vessels can predict heart disease risk. (00:14:55) Detecting Risk Before Symptoms Why retinal and vascular changes occur long before clinical signs appear. (00:15:58) Staging Coronary Disease Using calcium scores to stage coronary disease and personalize treatment. (00:19:36) Direct-to-Consumer Prevention The rise of mobile health records, wearable devices, and AI tools. (00:22:23) Opportunities & System Challenges Balancing accessibility, guideline-based care, and healthcare system capacity. (00:25:26) AI-Powered Health Record Analysis The potential of automated reviews to identify silent risk factors. (00:27:41) Physician Adoption & System Friction Barriers to integrating early detection tools into clinical practice. (00:30:12) Advances in Treatment Overview of current cholesterol therapies and plaque stabilization. (00:33:31) Future In a Minute Rapid-fire Q&A: prevention, implementation science, and future hopes. (00:35:38) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
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    36 minutos